Encountering someone experiencing homelessness on your private property can be uncomfortable, confusing, or even concerning. But should you report them to the police? Before making a call, it's important to understand the legal, ethical, and social implications of your decision.
🚔 Is It Legal for Someone to Sleep on Private Property?
No. In most jurisdictions, sleeping on private property without permission is considered trespassing. Property owners have the legal right to ask someone to leave. If the individual refuses, contacting local law enforcement may be justified. However, laws vary by city and state, so it's best to review your local ordinances before taking action.
🧠 Consider the Context
Before calling the police, ask yourself:
- Is the person causing any harm or damage?
- Do they appear to be in a medical or mental health crisis?
- Are there social services available in your area you could call instead?
In many cases, calling a local 211 crisis line or a homeless outreach program may be a better first step.
📞 Alternatives to Calling Police
Depending on your city, you may be able to contact:
- Homeless outreach teams – often run by the city or nonprofits
- Mental health response units – to handle non-violent cases
- Local public health departments – for hygiene or sanitation concerns
These alternatives often result in safer outcomes for both the homeowner and the individual experiencing homelessness.
⚖️ Potential Risks of Police Involvement
Calling the police may escalate the situation, especially in cities where homelessness is criminalized. You could unintentionally contribute to someone's arrest or removal from services they need. This can also reflect negatively on your neighborhood if the incident draws public scrutiny or media attention.
💬 What to Do If You Feel Unsafe
If you believe there is an immediate threat to your safety, you should not hesitate to contact local law enforcement. Document the situation with photos or video (if safe to do so), and be clear when reporting what you observed. Avoid confrontation and do not attempt to forcibly remove anyone yourself.
📸 Documenting Damage and Providing Security Footage
If you find someone has slept on your property overnight or multiple times, it’s important to document any visible damage, such as broken fences, discarded items, vandalism, or hazardous waste. This documentation could be crucial if you need to file a police report, submit an insurance claim, or pursue legal action later.
Use your smartphone to take clear photos of:
- Property damage (e.g. broken gates, graffiti, litter)
- Belongings or encampments left behind
- Any visible safety hazards or health risks
If you have outdoor security cameras or doorbell video footage, download and save any relevant clips that show individuals entering or occupying your property. This footage can:
- Support a police report or trespassing claim
- Help outreach teams understand the situation
- Protect you legally if the person makes a counterclaim
Be sure to store this media securely and timestamp your evidence. Some local ordinances or HOA rules may require it if you pursue formal action.
🤝 Long-Term Solutions
Homelessness is a complex issue rooted in housing affordability, mental health, addiction, and more. Supporting local initiatives like National Coalition for the Homeless, food banks, or transitional housing programs can help address the root causes.
📍 Report Locations Anonymously
You can anonymously report and track homeless encampments or concerns on HomelessMap.com to raise community awareness and advocate for proper outreach.